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A. Mr. Thomas Jefferson of Louisville, bought me when I was three years of age from Mr. Dearing. Slaves are identified by given name under their masters. The surname issue really presents huge challenges for those of us doign this research, but you soulnd as though you are making headway. Or, the Slaves were given numbers or classical Greek names. Available from https://nmaahc.si.edu/object/nmaahc_2014.174.8?destination=/explore/collection/search%3Fedan_q%3Denslaved%26edan_fq%255B0%255D%3Dobject_type%253A%2522Photographs%2522 (accessed May 6, 2022). . Surnames. There are many factors to consider in determining what surnames African Americans used. I am not able to find any slaveholders in the Versailes area by the name of Ellis. Names of prominent slaveholderse.g. This is common. The same family may appear with different surnames in the 1870 and 1880 federal census records, and may appear in other records with either, both, or a third surname altogether. My mother then told me my fathers name was John Barnett, a white man, and I took up the name Barnett., My mothers name was Jane and she was called Jane Nunn because she belonged to the Nunns. They cut it off from OCTAVIA. They cut it off from OCTAVIA. Can you steer me in the right direction? Dick Lewis Barnett and Phillip Fry were African American veterans of the Union Army during the Civil War. Thanks for commenting and continued luck in your research, This phenomena makes research very complicated when you dont know the mothers surname. Names from the Bible were another common practice, for given and surnames. In order to receive their pensions decades later, these former soldiers and their family members had to demonstrate to the government that they were who they claimed to be. But once freed most immediately chose surnames, with or without keeping their accustomed name. I was called mostly Lewis Smith till after the war, although I was named Dick Lewis Smith After the War, I was wearing the name Lewis Smith, but I found the negroes were taking the names of their fathers, like the white folks. Of the 972 names of male Slaves recorded between 1619 and 1799 the leading ones were Jack, Tom, Harry, Sam, Will, Caesar, Dick, John, Robin, Frank, Charles, Joe and Prince. I truly believe they used surnames of each of their former owners for some of their childrens middle names. I make extensive use of tables for organization, analysis and citation in my research, and they have proven very popular with genealogists. Youll often see the word degraded used in the academic references; these were all attempts at degradation. I have found only one very rare example of a slaveholders inventory, that lists the slaves along with their surnames. Tell me the name you were called before you met Phillip Fry? In the context of The Bahamas, the surname appears to originate with Denys Rolle, an American Loyalist who re-settled on Exuma, one of the so-called Out Islands of The Bahamas, sometime in the mid-1780s. American Slave Owners - geni family tree I make extensive use of tables for organization, analysis and citation in my research, and they have proven very popular with genealogists. In 1870, all of them were listed with the surnames of their last owner; however, each one of them named their sons for one of their brothers. Flora, the name of the Roman goddess of flowers and spring, who enjoyed eternal youth, is one of the gently old-fashioned girls' flower names we think is due for a comebackalongside cousins Cora and Dora. Join my mailing list below to receive my posts and get a free PDF with some of my favorite tips! 25 Haitian Last Names That Reflect The Country's Unique Culture And Slave Names and Naming in the Anglophone Atlantic All of them are alive in this moment. Q. Alfred "Teen" Blackburn (1842-1951), one of the last living survivors of slavery in the United States who had a clear recollection of it. When I was born my mother was known as Phillis Smith and I took the name of Smith too. 30 January 2022, [PAST EVENT], Eastern Standard Time: Join special guest genealogist Taneya Y. Koonce and I as we present our joint Zoom webinar, Organize Your Genealogy! .When I got home after the war, I was wearing the name of Lewis Smith, but I found that the negroes after freedom, were taking the names of their father like the white folks. George Duncan Ludlow (1734-1808), colonial lawyer. I did a post sometime ago about Slavery Studies, where I named some of the top books on the subject. John C. Inscoe, "Carolina Slave Names: An Index to Acculturation," Journal of Southern History 59 (November 1983). "The past is not dead. Slavery in the 1800s - The history of slavery My Vimeo ON Demand video page lists six videos you can choose from to watch for 3 months ($15 each): -Finding the Last Slaveowner: Guidance and Case Studies, -Cluster Research: Using Groups of People to Find Your People, -Using Deed Records to Uncover Your Family, -Putting it All Together: Making Sense of All the Research You've Done and, -More Than Just a Name: Incorporating Social and Community History Into Your Research. Beginning in the early nineteenth century, more biblical names were given to enslavedchildren, a reflection of the widespread attempts to Christianize enslaved communities. The private name served as a form of Selfhood Armor (you cant take all of me, White man!); gave them a sense of power over their captors; and provided their children with a sense of heritage and pride. Table 7. Phone: 314-994-3300, Hours & Locations Comments/Suggestions314-994-3300, Copyright 2023. If the former slave had been befriended or assisted in getting established after the Civil War, they might have taken that persons name. Phillis Wheatley (May 8, 1753 - December 5, 1784) Source = Wikimedia. Toussaint Louverture (1743-1803), a former slave, he enslaved a dozen people himself before becoming a general and a leader of the Haitian Revolution. Encyclopedia of North Carolina, University of North Carolina Press. How lucky you were to find that Freedmans Bank document! 17. Join my mailing list below to learn about upcoming webinars. Changing Names | Facing History and Ourselves . This topic interests me greatly and Id like to do more research. Others who wanted no connection to their former owners used surnames like Freeman or Freedman. It is not uncommon to see an African American family listed with one surname in 1870 and another in 1880. It was after emancipation on that I went back to work for Col. Morrow and where I got the name Lottie, as already explained. Data from the 2010 Census tells a different story. A. Lottie Smith was my name and what they called me before I met Phillip and was married to him. Thank you for commenting, and continued luck to you in your research. So far Ive found no one who can give me any information about how these people assumed the Culbert surname. Enslaved people resisted in ways large and small. Middle Tennessee, where tobacco, cattle, and grain became the favored crops, held the . Abara: Originating from the Igbo group of West Africa, Abara means 'spirit'. Surnames (not always those of former owners) would then be adopted as family names by former slaves and their descendants. Also, the government seemed to be in a almighty hurry to have us get names. The result was the birth of mulatto, quadroon, or mustee (mestee) children. African Americans were known by these surnames in the slave community and often recorded by slave owners on plantation documents. I think mostly about family separationas a mother now myself, the very idea that my dear child could be sold to who knows where, never to be seen again..just reduces me to tears anytime. I especially recommend Mother, Thy Name is Mystery! You can read about this in the following two posts on my blog. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1997. In 1836, William Turbeville died leaving an estate with several slaves who were brothers: Turner, Nelson, Simon, Jordan, and Jacob. However, research byLisa D. Cook and colleagueshas revealed evidence of racialized names from the late 19th and early 20th centuries. This is another instance of oral history being a key component in tracing African American ancestry. In fact, it's not even past." This is such a well-written and informative post one that I know will open many eyes to the complexity of slave surnames, as well as many other aspects of the lives of the enslaved. Newly emancipated slaves also frequently chose new first names, discarding those associated with slavery. He identified father, mother and siblings in a Freedmans bank deposit in 1873, when he was already in New York City. 100 Victorian Last Names With Meanings And History | Kidadl They were Nelson Nunn and George Nunn and they may have changed their names to Crosby too because they were my fathers children.. The three databases below provide details of 36,000 trans-Atlantic slave voyages, 10,000 intra-American ventures, names and personal information. The Missouri Compromisealso referred to as the Compromise of 1820was an agreement between the pro- and anti-slavery factions regulating slavery in the western territories. My father once told me his grandfather ran away from the Carrington place and changed his name to Williams. Brown: A common last name derived from an ancestor's complexion or the color of their hair. For him, this meant claiming his new identity as a freedman and a citizen. In the 1760s Anglo-American frontiersmen, determined to settle the land, planted slavery firmly within the borders of what would become Tennessee. common last names for slaves in the 1800s. A. Lottie Smith was my name and what they called me before I met Phillip and was married to him. 1. It was after emancipation on that I went back to work for Col. Morrow and where I got the name "Lottie," as already explained. Students examine the factors that led many northerners to turn against federal policies passed during the Reconstruction era that protected freedpeople. Augustin Meaning: a descendant of Augustine Origin: English 2. is for you. Names. I focused on surnames but many of these books also discuss first names. This entry was posted on Friday, August 28th, 2009 at 11:46 am and is filed under Civil War, Genealogy & DNA, Interviews. However, the enslaved occasionally had surnames, which became normal leading up to and after emancipation as a mark of assimilation into free society. The new surnames, usually not taken from a former slave owner, included: Williams, Jones, Johnson, Smith, Jackson, Thomas, Brown, Walker, Davis, Green, Robinson, Scott, Harris, Turner, and Anderson. And my goodness, how kind of you to suggest a TED talk, maybe one of these days;) Genealogys pull is what initially pulled me into studying slavery, and also introduced me to the new understanding that historians are uncovering. I also meant to email you and tell you how I enjoyed your article in the last NGSQ. Tags: African American Names, African American Surnames, African Names, Black Surnames, Last Slave Owner, Plantation Owners, plantation slavery, Slave Family, Slave Naming Patterns, slave trade. There has been much debate among scholars, historians and genealogists whether enslaved African Americans used the surnames of their last owners, previous owners, or a surname that had no connection to slavery. The table below shows the most common last names with statistics on the heritage and ancestry of those with the surname. Post Author: Post published: 18 avril 2022; Post Category: . Herbert G. Gutman, The Black Family in Slavery and Freedom, 1750-1925 (1976). Names from the Bible were another common practice, for given and surnames. I liked the name better than Octavia, and so I took it with me to Danville, and was never called anything else there than that name. Most Popular Names. She served that family for a long time, perhaps more clues to her past lie in his family roots. Slavery was coexistent with the founding in 1670 of the first permanent colony in South Carolina, and early official records occasionally contain the names of slaves.3 An inventory of the estate of Francis Jones in 1693 lists 'a negro man Jack' and 'a negro Woman name Jugg.'4 An inventory of the The most common origin for surnames is that enslaved people initially used the surname of either their mother or their father, if they knew what those names were. Thats a goal that I am working towards. See flier for more details. Private names used in the quarters included Abah, Bilah, Comba, Dibb, Juba, Kauchee, Mima, and Sena. She was the great patroness-goddess of the city of Athens. Your insight is always welcome and I am glad you shared these posts for other readers to see. Most Common Black Last Names in the United States - Name Census Most common last names names: 1-1000 | 1001-2000 | 2001-3000 | 3001-4000 | 4001-5000 I love that your example shows two brothers, who came to different conclusions about their surnames. 6. Peneus saved Daphne from Apollos romantic obsessions by transforming her into a laurel tree. The top 5 most common Hispanic last names from the 1920s are: 1. The most common of 603 names of female Slaves were Bet, Mary, Jane, Hanna, Betty, Sarah, Phillis, Nan, Peg, and Sary. Hi Rodney, Kaplan, Justin, and Anne Bernays. This old French surname has Germanic origin, and means 'noble'. Gerald, however, is a Germanic name meaning ruler) 2. ", "No matter what you've done for yourself or for humanity, if you can't look back on having given love and attention to your own family, what have you really accomplished? Places; Login. Brief, but stimulating and thoughtful for students coming new to the subject. 100 Most Common US Surnames Origins and Meanings - ThoughtCo He was a planter with 20,000 acres of land in East Florida and was at the forefront of slavery in The . This was done more because it was the logical thing to do and the easiest way to be identified than it was through affection for the master. Cora: We first fell in love with this short baby girl's name from Downton Abbey, but Cora was already popular in the 1800s, meaning 'maiden' or 'good'. Fortunately, the French and Latin were excellent record keepers and the Catholics were obsessed with knowing the kinship of everyone. On all subsequent census records, he is listed as John Lewis. (Media Note: If you quote a post, please credit me by name, Robyn N. Email:genealogy@slcl.org Once the slaves were freed they found they did need another name besides a given name. After Emancipation, many former slaves adopted new names and surnames. Therefore, a few of the most common first names of the time such as Mary (rank 815) and Sarah (1010) will appear in the list and surnames which correspond to personal names (e.g. I have been a researcher, writer, lecturer and teacher for over twenty years. Smithsonian Institution. 40. Just makes me sad for the human spirit that anyone, let alone hundreds of thousands of people could participate in it. If we consider the diverse circumstances that the tragedy of slavery created, we can understand the reasons why. One frequently occurring name is Rolle. You can use the links below to view more common surnames. Top 130 French Last Names or Surnames With Meanings - FirstCry Parenting Many of the former slaves and some free people of color took the first name of their father, mother and sometimes former slaveowner as their last. ", "The great gift of family life is to be intimately acquainted with people you might never ever introduce yourself to had life not done it for you. Thanks for your comment, The Complexity of Slave Surnames > Reclaiming Kin 140+ Victorian Baby Names | Names from the 1800s | Peanut If the former slave had been befriended or assisted in getting established after the Civil War, they might have taken that person's name. Surnames - Historic UK New surnames were created from a local regions name such as Smithfield the name taken might be Smith or Field. . Login Forgot . I am a farmer. Slave Names In The Americas - Black Voice News A. I was first called by that name in the family of Col. Morrow in whose service I was in Louisville, Ky., just after the war. Testimony of Mollie Russell (widow of Phillip Fry), September 19, 1911: Q. Relish, (Old French Origin) Derived from relaisse meaning "flavor or taste". It starts with a young man falling in love with a girl. When Wessyngtons owner George A. Washington married Margaret Lewis in 1849 her father gave the couple twenty-nine slaves. . The naming of slaves has not been treated in dedicated monographs, but it often figures in general accounts of plantation culture and the practices of enslavement. No, I dont know to whom she belonged before she was brought from Virginia to Kentucky. Q. A. Lottie Smith was my name and what they called me before I met Phillip and was married to him. i have no way to confirm this. 782 Lists of Slave owners with names of slaves Tamme, 766 Tom, 766 West, 766 Will, 766 Barker, Nathaniel Harry, 591, 700, 746, 767 Barkley, Barbary Grace, 651 Mary Deborah Petite, "1836 Facts about the Alamo and the Texas War for Independence".